:root {
  --ink: #123640;
  --ink-soft: #49666b;
  --climate: #bd884c;
  --paper: #f3efe6;
  --paper-light: #fbf9f3;
  --line: rgba(18, 54, 64, .17);
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --max: 1380px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
body {
  min-height: 100svh;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 18%, rgba(142, 181, 182, .15), transparent 24rem),
    var(--paper);
  font: 400 1rem/1.65 var(--sans);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  opacity: .11;
  pointer-events: none;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 180 180' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.9' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)' opacity='.22'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  mix-blend-mode: multiply;
}
a { color: inherit; }
img { display: block; width: 100%; }

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  height: 72px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(243, 239, 230, .86);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
}
.header-inner {
  width: min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--max));
  height: 100%;
  margin-inline: auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
}
.brand {
  text-decoration: none;
  font: 600 1rem/1.2 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: .055em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
}
.site-nav a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: .78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.site-nav a:hover,
.site-nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--climate); }
.site-nav .scholar-link {
  padding: .52rem .72rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
}
.site-nav .scholar-link:hover { color: var(--paper-light); background: var(--ink); }

.page {
  min-height: calc(100svh - 72px);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  grid-template-rows: 1fr auto;
}
.detail-content {
  width: min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--max));
  min-width: 0;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: clamp(2.5rem, 5vh, 4.5rem) 0 3rem;
}
.all-themes {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: clamp(1.5rem, 3vh, 2.5rem);
  padding-bottom: .08rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor;
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.all-themes:hover { color: var(--climate); }
.theme-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(20rem, .85fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5.5rem);
  align-items: start;
}
.theme-visual { margin: 0; }
.theme-visual img {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  filter: saturate(.88) contrast(.98);
}
.theme-visual figcaption {
  margin-top: .65rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .72rem;
}
.theme-visual figcaption a {
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: .2em;
}
.theme-visual figcaption a:hover { color: var(--climate); }
.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 .8rem;
  color: var(--climate);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .17em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font: 400 clamp(3rem, 5.5vw, 5.7rem)/.94 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: -.045em;
}
.directions-heading {
  margin: clamp(2rem, 5vh, 3.5rem) 0 .4rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .7rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.direction-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  counter-reset: direction;
}
.direction-list li {
  counter-increment: direction;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2.5rem 1fr;
  gap: .6rem;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font: 400 clamp(1.1rem, 1.7vw, 1.45rem)/1.25 var(--serif);
}
.direction-list li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.direction-list li::before {
  content: "0" counter(direction);
  padding-top: .2rem;
  color: var(--climate);
  font: italic .76rem/1 var(--serif);
}

.theme-switcher {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: .55rem;
  margin: 0 0 clamp(2.25rem, 5vh, 4rem);
  padding-bottom: .75rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.theme-switcher h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font: inherit;
  letter-spacing: normal;
}
.theme-switcher a {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 2.75rem;
  padding: .55rem .82rem;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  font-size: .78rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  line-height: 1.2;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.theme-switcher a:hover {
  border-color: var(--line);
  color: var(--climate);
}
.theme-switcher a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--paper-light);
  background: var(--ink);
}
.study-feature {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .92fr) minmax(24rem, 1.08fr);
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 6.5rem);
  align-items: start;
  padding-top: clamp(2rem, 4vh, 3.5rem);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.theme-switcher + .study-feature {
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: 0;
}
.study-feature--subsequent {
  margin-top: clamp(4rem, 9vh, 8rem);
}
.study-visual {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.study-image-wrap {
  position: relative;
}
.study-landscape {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  filter: saturate(.88) contrast(.98);
}
.organism-inset {
  position: absolute;
  right: clamp(.65rem, 1.5vw, 1rem);
  bottom: clamp(.65rem, 1.5vw, 1rem);
  width: clamp(7rem, 28%, 10.5rem);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: .38rem solid var(--paper-light);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--paper-light);
  box-shadow: 0 1rem 2.5rem rgba(18, 54, 64, .2);
}
.study-visual figcaption {
  margin-top: .6rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .72rem;
}
.study-copy h2 {
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
  font: 400 clamp(1rem, 2.15vw, 2.35rem)/1.08 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.study-copy h2.long-title {
  font-size: clamp(.9rem, 1.8vw, 1.9rem);
}
.study-copy h2.eco-long-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 1.9vw, 2rem);
  line-height: 1.18;
  white-space: normal;
}
.study-description {
  max-width: 46rem;
  color: #234951;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
}
.study-description p { margin: 0; }
.study-description p + p { margin-top: 1rem; }
.study-reference {
  margin-top: clamp(2rem, 4vh, 3rem);
  padding: 1.15rem 1.25rem 1.25rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(251, 249, 243, .62);
}
.reference-label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: .55rem;
  color: var(--climate);
  font-size: .76rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.reference-citation {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .74rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.reference-citation a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 750;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: .16em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.reference-citation a:hover { color: var(--climate); }
.publication-author--self {
  color: var(--climate);
  font-weight: 850;
}
.reference-meta {
  margin: .65rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .72rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.range-shift-figure {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
}
.range-shift-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  aspect-ratio: 1482 / 770;
  object-fit: contain;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}
.range-shift-figure figcaption {
  max-width: 70rem;
  margin-top: .75rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .78rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.wetland-composite {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #d9e8ee;
}
.wetland-photo {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: saturate(.9) contrast(.98);
}
.food-web-overlay {
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  top: .7rem;
  right: .7rem;
  width: min(53%, 22rem);
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid rgba(18, 54, 64, .18);
  background: rgba(251, 249, 243, .5);
  box-shadow: 0 .6rem 1.8rem rgba(18, 54, 64, .14);
}
.food-web-overlay img { width: 100%; }
.wetland-caption {
  margin-top: .6rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .72rem;
}

.eco-composite a { display: block; cursor: zoom-in; }
.eco-composite img {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper-light);
}
.eco-goals { margin: 1rem 0 0; padding-left: 1.4rem; }
.eco-goals li { padding-left: .15rem; font-weight: 700; }
.eco-goals li + li { margin-top: .65rem; }
.eco-reference .reference-citation + .reference-citation { margin-top: .55rem; }

.carbon-minimal-page {
  min-height: calc(100svh - 72px);
  padding: clamp(2.5rem, 5vh, 4rem) 0 4rem;
}
.carbon-theme-switcher {
  width: min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--max));
  margin: 0 auto clamp(2.25rem, 5vh, 4rem);
}
.carbon-comparison {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 3rem);
  align-items: start;
  width: min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--max));
  margin-inline: auto;
}
.carbon-left-column,
.carbon-right-column { min-width: 0; }
.carbon-direction-title {
  min-height: 3.4rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
  font: 400 clamp(1.35rem, 1.75vw, 1.65rem)/1.2 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
}
.carbon-main-figure { margin: 0; }
.carbon-main-figure img,
.carbon-right-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #faf9f4;
}
.carbon-right-figure { min-width: 0; margin: 0; }
.carbon-summary {
  margin: clamp(1.5rem, 3vh, 2.25rem) 0 1.5rem;
  color: #234951;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.3vw, 1.1rem);
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.carbon-emphasis { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 750; }
.carbon-question-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.45rem;
  color: #234951;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.3vw, 1.1rem);
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.carbon-question-list li {
  padding-left: .2rem;
  margin: .45rem 0;
}
.carbon-publication {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .88rem;
}
.carbon-publication span {
  margin-right: .35rem;
  color: var(--climate);
  font-weight: 800;
}
.page-foot {
  width: min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--max));
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: 1rem 0 1.2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .76rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .theme-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .theme-copy { max-width: 44rem; }
  .study-feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .study-visual { max-width: 42rem; }
  .study-copy { max-width: 46rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-header { height: auto; }
  .header-inner, .detail-content, .page-foot { width: min(calc(100% - 2rem), var(--max)); }
  .header-inner {
    min-height: 64px;
    padding: .75rem 0;
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: .65rem;
  }
  .brand { font-size: .88rem; letter-spacing: .035em; }
  .site-nav {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 1.15rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
    padding-bottom: .2rem;
  }
  .site-nav a { font-size: .74rem; }
  .page { min-height: auto; }
  .detail-content { padding: 2.5rem 0 2rem; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(2.9rem, 13vw, 4.5rem); }
  .theme-switcher { gap: .35rem; }
  .theme-switcher a { padding-inline: .7rem; font-size: .74rem; }
  .study-feature { gap: 2.2rem; }
  .organism-inset {
    right: .65rem;
    bottom: .65rem;
    width: 7.5rem;
    border-width: .32rem;
  }
  .food-web-overlay { width: 64%; }
  .carbon-minimal-page { min-height: auto; padding: 2.5rem 0 3rem; }
  .carbon-theme-switcher { width: min(calc(100% - 2rem), var(--max)); }
  .carbon-comparison { grid-template-columns: 1fr; width: min(calc(100% - 2rem), 38rem); gap: 2rem; }
  .carbon-direction-title { min-height: 0; }
  .page-foot { justify-content: flex-start; }
}